Archaeology, Physics and Chemistry: Thoughts About a Technique Applied by Mediterranean Sponge Divers Throughout the Ages

One of the most difficult professions in history, sponge diving/fishing was widely practiced Mediterranean World 19th and 20th century by Turkish, Greek, Italian North African divers. Natural sea sponges are main materials profession which extends from here to America mid-20th century. Our earliest data indicate that sponge, is well known many ancient texts used times, especially cleaning, medicine, carpentry, mining, chemical industry, military equipment, provided mankind 4500 BC. The rich terms information about usage as sponge-divers. There a consistent similarity between centers Modern Age these convey how where practiced. reason for this situation should be related distribution map valuable species human beings can use their daily life World. conveyed modern age sponge-divers families show people wandered along resources. It shows not only interested but also supply textile products Eastern ports market them countries. In respect, contribution -who defined professional group merchant- acculturation process has been realized except few studies. absolute, compulsory, continuous needed common toilets bathrooms serve millions people, Greek-Roman Periods, important proof an profession. When we examine fishing history times Ottoman Period almost today some amateur divers, there invariant technique divers reached bottom sea, they spout olive oil mouth. According Oppian Evliya Çelebi, method similar purpose, however explanations Çelebi too different each other’s. study, considering physical laws, analysis two examination oil-expuition. We determined who lived ages refraction waves, Snell’s law before mathematical equations found.